Yakın Doğu Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi

Öz

Islam and Muslims have had many enemies throughout history. There is no doubt that the most dangerous of these enemies are hypocrites who appear to be Muslims by hiding their blasphemy and hostility to Islam. Since the Hypocrites did not openly express their hostility, they tried to destroy the Islamic society by gnawing at it from the inside like a wolf, and caused great harm to Islam and Muslims. During the period of Mecca, Muslims were weak and powerless, and polytheists had authority and power. Therefore, the enemies of Islam did not need to hide themselves and engage in secret activities. Because they were already openly continuing their hostility against the Prophet and Muslims. For this reason, the discord movement emerged in Medina. The migration of the Prophet to Medina upset the political, administrative and religious balances here. The conversion to Islam strengthened the Muslims and made them the dominant power in Medina in a short time. This situation caused great disappointment for Abdullah bin Ubay bin Salul, who was preparing to wear the crown of the kingdom in Medina just before the migration. Abdullah bin Ubay bin Salul, who saw the Prophet as the biggest obstacle to his power and political iqbal, could not accept being subject to him as a sincere believer. Although he harbored deep hatred and enmity towards the Prophet in his heart, he did not dare to openly antagonize him, so he preferred to look like a Muslim by declaring that he had converted to Islam after the victory of Badr. Abdullah bin Ubey, who has been the leader of the discord movements throughout his life, became the head of the group called hypocrites who could not digest the faith in their hearts gathered around him. In this study, Abdullah bin Ubayy's lineage, personality, his status in society, the sedition and mischief activities he carried out against the Messenger of Allah and Islam are discussed. The reasons for his vindictiveness and hostility to the Prophet and Muslims, the destructive and divisive activities he planned and took part in, and the strategy he followed in these activities were focused on. The role and attitude of Abdullah bin Ubayy, whose name has been identified with the dissension movements and who has been mentioned with sedition incidents throughout history, assumed in military, political and social events during the period of the Prophet has been examined. In the Battles of Bani Mustalik and Tabuk, especially Uhud, the incidents of discord that he led in order to prevent the Muslims from jihad by breaking their resistance, to bring down the Islamic army from the inside by starting a conflict were discussed. As a manifestation of his friendship with the Jews, efforts to prevent the banishment of the Jews of Beni Kaynuka and Beni Nadir, his behavior and reasons have been tried to determine. It has been tried to reveal how the Prophet behaved towards Ibn Ubayy, who was the leader of the hypocrites, both in his life and after his death, and what kind of strategy he followed. Thus, it has been tried to determine the dimensions of the damages caused by a hypocrite leader to Islam and Muslims by the events of discord he led. The main sources of the study are Islamic Historical sources. However, in various surat such as At-Tawba, al-Ḥashr and al-Baqara in The Quran, hypocrites are mentioned in connection with historical events, and there is also a separate surat al-Munāfiqūn. The verses of the Qur'an, the religious status of the hypocrites, their psychological and moral disorders, their place in social life, their attitude and behavior towards the Prophet and the believers, their place in the hereafter are given in detail. References have also been made to these verses in the necessary places in the study.