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Empowering Communities: Redefining Zakat Distribution in Bangladesh Post-Covid-19

Year 2023, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 419 - 438, 15.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.52637/kiid.1353946

Abstract

Poverty persists as a global challenge, particularly in economically underdeveloped Islamic countries. Despite government efforts to address income inequality and reduce poverty, these issues continue to afflict societies. To effectively confront this pressing problem, it is imperative to scrutinize the impact of Zakat, a crucial institution in Islam, and its potential contribution to alleviating these challenges. Zakat, one of Islam's five pillars, plays a pivotal role as a guiding economic force and a form of worship. It serves as a means of social assistance and solidarity, fostering stronger bonds between the donor and the recipient. Zakat cultivates feelings of love, compassion, and mercy while also mitigating jealousy, envy, and hostility. Furthermore, it operates as a mechanism for income redistribution in societies marked by unequal wealth distribution. This long-standing practice is rooted in the belief that wealth is a trust from Allah and underscores the importance of sharing it with those in need. Zakat has the potential to address a range of economic issues, from supporting the marriages of impoverished individuals to tackling unemployment. It remains significant as an expression of social responsibility and a means to promote justice and compassion, ultimately creating a more equitable income distribution. The objectives of Zakat are multifaceted, encompassing goals such as poverty alleviation, wealth redistribution, strengthened social bonds, wealth purification, meeting basic needs, and empowering vulnerable individuals. However, in Muslim-majority countries such as Bangladesh, the impact of zakat distribution is often inadequate due to a lack of self-discipline and understanding among Muslims. Additionally, the economic recession triggered by COVID-19 has exacerbated poverty in Bangladesh, with adverse effects on employment and a significant increase in poverty rates among low-income workers. Fair and Shariah-compliant zakat distribution remains underutilized in these regions, including South Asian countries within the Organization of Islamic Cooperation. The ease of collective cash or clothing distribution in zakat practices has led to inaccurate assessments of the genuinely needy. This traditional approach has also drawn criticism for its deviation from Islamic principles. This study examines changing perceptions and practices of zakat distribution in Bangladesh, focusing on promoting effective and equitable distribution methods. These methods may include income-generating expenditures, vocational training, microfinance initiatives, and targeted cash transfers. By adhering to Zakat's authentic principles and purposes, Bangladesh can leverage its potential to alleviate poverty and foster a compassionate society per Islamic teachings. Emphasizing the importance of Zakat and applying it fairly can drive significant progress in poverty reduction and social development in Islamic countries like Bangladesh. This study seeks to explore innovative approaches to zakat distribution that align with contemporary economic challenges and societal dynamics, ultimately contributing to a more equitable and prosperous future for the people of Bangladesh. As a result, poverty remains an ongoing problem in Islamic countries, and Zakat is a powerful tool to overcome this problem. By revising and improving the zakat distribution practices in Bangladesh, where the principles of Islamic economics guide efforts to reduce poverty and increase social welfare, work can be done toward building a more just and compassionate society.

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Toplulukları Güçlendirmek: Bangladeş’te Covid-19 Sonrası Zekat Dağıtımını Yeniden Tanımlamak

Year 2023, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 419 - 438, 15.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.52637/kiid.1353946

Abstract

Yoksulluk, dünya çapında, özellikle de ekonomik olarak henüz gelişmemiş İslam ülkelerinde yaygın bir sorun olmaya devam etmektedir. Hükümetler, gelir eşitsizliği ile mücadele etmek ve yoksulluğu azaltmak amacıyla çeşitli politikalar uygulamış olsalar da bu sorunlar toplumları rahatsız ediyor. Bu acil meseleyi etkili bir şekilde ele almak için, İslam'da önemli bir kurum olan zekâtın etkisini incelemek ve bu zorlukların hafifletilmesine nasıl katkıda bulunabileceğini anlamak önemlidir. İslam'ın beş şartından biri olan zekât, ekonomik hayatta yol gösterici bir güç olarak önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Zekâtın bir ibadet olmasının yanında sosyoekonomik faydaları da bulunmaktadır. Sosyal bir yardımlaşma ve dayanışma faaliyeti olarak zekât, fertleri birbirine kenetler. Zekât veren ve alan arasında sevgi, şefkat, merhamet duyguları pekişir; kıskançlık ve düşmanlık hisleri yok olur. Zekât, zenginlik dağılımının eşit olmadığı toplumlarda geliri yeniden dağıtma mekanizması olarak işlev görür. Bu köklü uygulama, zenginliğin Allah'ın bir emaneti olduğu inancına dayanır ve bu zenginliğin ihtiyaç sahipleriyle paylaşılması gerektiğini vurgular. Zekât, yoksulların evlenmelerini desteklemekten işsizlik sorunlarına çözüm üretmeye kadar çeşitli ekonomik meselelere katkıda bulunma potansiyeline sahiptir. Zekât, gelir dağılımında daha adil bir toplum oluşturarak günümüzde de sosyal sorumluluğun bir ifadesi ve adalet ile merhameti teşvik etmenin bir yolu olarak önemini korumaktadır. Zekâtın hedefleri çok yönlüdür; yoksulluğu hafifletmek, zenginliği yeniden dağıtmak, sosyal bağları güçlendirmek, zenginliği arındırmak, temel ihtiyaçları karşılamak ve savunmasızları güçlendirmek gibi amaçları içerir. Ancak Bangladeş gibi Müslüman nüfusun çoğunlukta olduğu ülkelerde, Zekât dağıtımının etkisi, oto kontrolün sağlanamayışı ve Müslümanlar arasındaki anlayış eksikliği nedeniyle yeterince görünmez. Bunun yanında Covid-19’la birlikte başlayan ekonomik durgunluk çalışma hayatını olumsuz yönde etkilediği ve henüz bir toparlanışa geçilemediği için Bangladeş'teki yoksulluğu daha da kötüleştirdi; yoksulluk oranında önemli bir artış yaşandı ve düşük gelirli işçiler arasında iş kayıpları meydana geldi. İslam İşbirliği Teşkilatı'na üye Güney Asya ülkeleri dahil olmak üzere bu bölgelerde adil ve Şeriat'a uygun zekat dağıtımı yaygın olarak uygulanmamaktadır. Çünkü daha kolay olması sebebiyle nakit veya giysi dağıtımını içeren zekât dağıtımı geleneksel olarak toplu bir şekilde yapılagelmekte, bu işlem de fakirlerin tespitinde doğru ve uygun bir değerlendirmenin yapılmamasına ve gerçek ihtiyaç sahiplerine ulaşmamasına neden olmaktadır. Bu da bazı yönlerden suiistimal içerdiğinden ve İslami prensiplerden sapma barındırdığından eleştirilmektedir. Bu çalışma, Bangladeş'te zekât dağıtımının değişen algılarını ve uygulamalarını incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Ayrıca, gelir yaratıcı harcamalar, mesleki eğitim, mikrofinans girişimleri ve hedeflenen nakit transferleri gibi etkili ve adil dağıtım yöntemlerini teşvik etmeyi hedeflemektedir. Bangladeş, zekâtın gerçek ilke ve amaçlarını koruyarak, yoksulluğu hafifletme ve İslam öğretileriyle uyumlu, merhametli bir toplum inşa etme potansiyelini kullanabilir. Zekâtın önemini vurgulamak ve bunu adil bir şekilde uygulamak, Bangladeş gibi İslam ülkelerinde yoksulluğu azaltma ve toplumsal kalkınma konusunda önemli ilerlemelere sebep olabilir. Bu çalışma, sosyal zorluklara uyumlu, çağdaş ekonomik ve Bangladeş halkı için daha adil ve müreffeh bir geleceğe katkıda bulunacak zekât dağıtımına yönelik yenilikçi yaklaşımları keşfetmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Sonuç olarak, yoksulluk İslam ülkelerinde devam eden bir sorun olmaya devam etmektedir ve zekât, bu sorunun üstesinden gelmek için güçlü bir araç olarak durmaktadır. Bangladeş'teki İslam ekonomisi ilkelerinin yoksulluğu azaltma ve toplumsal refahı artırma çabalarına rehberlik ettiği zekât dağıtım uygulamaları tekrar gözden geçirilerek ve geliştirilerek daha adil ve merhametli bir toplum inşa etme yolunda çalışılabilir.

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There are 65 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Islamic Law
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Ahm Ershad Uddın 0000-0002-6270-9117

Hüseyin Okur 0000-0003-4285-7478

Publication Date December 15, 2023
Submission Date September 1, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 6 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Ershad Uddın, A., & Okur, H. (2023). Empowering Communities: Redefining Zakat Distribution in Bangladesh Post-Covid-19. Kocatepe İslami İlimler Dergisi, 6(2), 419-438. https://doi.org/10.52637/kiid.1353946
AMA Ershad Uddın A, Okur H. Empowering Communities: Redefining Zakat Distribution in Bangladesh Post-Covid-19. Kocatepe İslami İlimler Dergisi. December 2023;6(2):419-438. doi:10.52637/kiid.1353946
Chicago Ershad Uddın, Ahm, and Hüseyin Okur. “Empowering Communities: Redefining Zakat Distribution in Bangladesh Post-Covid-19”. Kocatepe İslami İlimler Dergisi 6, no. 2 (December 2023): 419-38. https://doi.org/10.52637/kiid.1353946.
EndNote Ershad Uddın A, Okur H (December 1, 2023) Empowering Communities: Redefining Zakat Distribution in Bangladesh Post-Covid-19. Kocatepe İslami İlimler Dergisi 6 2 419–438.
IEEE A. Ershad Uddın and H. Okur, “Empowering Communities: Redefining Zakat Distribution in Bangladesh Post-Covid-19”, Kocatepe İslami İlimler Dergisi, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 419–438, 2023, doi: 10.52637/kiid.1353946.
ISNAD Ershad Uddın, Ahm - Okur, Hüseyin. “Empowering Communities: Redefining Zakat Distribution in Bangladesh Post-Covid-19”. Kocatepe İslami İlimler Dergisi 6/2 (December 2023), 419-438. https://doi.org/10.52637/kiid.1353946.
JAMA Ershad Uddın A, Okur H. Empowering Communities: Redefining Zakat Distribution in Bangladesh Post-Covid-19. Kocatepe İslami İlimler Dergisi. 2023;6:419–438.
MLA Ershad Uddın, Ahm and Hüseyin Okur. “Empowering Communities: Redefining Zakat Distribution in Bangladesh Post-Covid-19”. Kocatepe İslami İlimler Dergisi, vol. 6, no. 2, 2023, pp. 419-38, doi:10.52637/kiid.1353946.
Vancouver Ershad Uddın A, Okur H. Empowering Communities: Redefining Zakat Distribution in Bangladesh Post-Covid-19. Kocatepe İslami İlimler Dergisi. 2023;6(2):419-38.