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Vehhabi Fırkasının Doğuşu ve Suudi Arabistan’a Etkisi

Year 2014, Issue: 42, 245 - 262, 31.12.2014

Abstract

This article examines pre-modern reform movement Wahhabism emerged in the Najd region of current Saudi Arabia, in the eighteenth century. For the opponents, the Wahhabi term is derived from the name of its formulator, Muhammad b. Abdulwahhab (d.1792). However, Ibn Abdulwahhab and his followers call themselves as ‘muwahhidun’ (monotheists). The views and approach of Ibn Abdullwahhab to Islamic theology construct the ideology of the movement. The movement initially emerged as a religious initiative against innovations, but then transformed into a political movement. The article sheds light historical connections between Wahhabi and Saudi families that played vital role in the formation of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

References

  • Abir, Mordechai, Saudi Arabia in the oil era: regime and elites: conflict and collaboration, Westview Press, Boulder, Colo, 1988.
  • Abu Zahra, Muhammad, Tarihu’l- Mezahibi’l-Islamiyye (translated by Sibgatullah Kaya), Istanbul Matbaacılık, Istanbul, 2003.
  • Bennett, Clinton, Muslims and modernity: an introduction to the issues and debates, Continuum, London, 2005.
  • Büyükkara, Mehmet Ali, “11 Eylül’le Derinleşen Ayrılık: Suudi Selefiyye ve Cihadi Selefiyye,” Dini Araştırmalar 7:20 (2004), pp.205-234.
  • Commins, David Dean, The Wahhabi mission and Saudi Arabia, I.B. Tauris, London, 2006.
  • Delong Bas, Natana J., Wahhabi Islam: from revival and reform to global jihad, I. B. Tauris, Oxford University Press, London, 2004.
  • Fığlalı, Ethem Ruhi, Çağımızda İtikadi İslam Mezhepleri, Şa-to İlahiyat, İstanbul, 2001.
  • Hill, Michael, ‘Sect’, in The Encyclopaedia of Religion (ed. Mircea Eliade) Vol.13, Macmillan, London, 1987, pp.154-158.
  • Ibn Abd al-Wahhab, Muhammad, Kitab al-Tawheed, Dar al-Ma‘arif, Cairo: 1974.
  • Kurşun, Zekeriya, al-‘Uthmaniyyun wa-Al Sa‘ud fi al-arshif al-‘Uthmani, 1745-1914, Dar al-‘Arabiyyah lil-Mawsu‘at, Beirut, 2005.
  • Piscatori, James P. Islam in the Political Process, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1983
  • Wilson, Bryan, Religion In Sociological Perspective, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1982.
  • Yıldırım, Ramazan “Cemaatten Partiye Dönüşen Selefîlik”, Analiz, 73 (2013).

THE RISE OF WAHHABI SECTARIANISM AND ITS IMPACT IN SAUDI ARABIA

Year 2014, Issue: 42, 245 - 262, 31.12.2014

Abstract

ABSTRACT

This article examines pre-modern reform movement Wahhabism emerged

in the Najd region of current Saudi Arabia, in the eighteenth century. For

the opponents, the Wahhabi term is derived from the name of its formulator,

Muhammad b. Abdulwahhab (d.1792). However, Ibn Abdulwahhab and his

followers call themselves as ‘muwahhidun’ (monotheists). The views and approach

of Ibn Abdullwahhab to Islamic theology construct the ideology of the movement.

The movement initially emerged as a religious initiative against innovations,

but then transformed into a political movement. The article sheds light historical

connections between Wahhabi and Saudi families that played vital role in the

formation of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Keywords: Wahhabism, Saudi Arabia, Islamic Theology, Monotheism, Sect

ÖZ

Vehhabi Fırkasının Doğuşu ve Suudi Arabistan’a Etkisi

Bu makalede on sekizinci yüzyılda bugünkü Suudi Arabistan’ın Necd bölgesinde

modernite öncesi ortaya çıkmış olan yeniden yapılanmacı Vehhabi hareketi

incelenmektedir. Bu mezhebin karşıtları Vehhabi adlandırmasını ekolün kurucusu

ve fikir babası olan Muhammed b. Abdulvehhab (ö.1792)’a nisbetle yapmışlardır.

Fakat İbni Abdulvehhab ve takipçileri kendilerini ‘birleyen’ anlamında

‘muvahhidun’ olarak nitelendirmişlerdir. İbni Abdulvehhab’ın kelâma dair

fikir ve yaklaşımları bu hareketin temelini oluşturmaktadır. Vehhabilik ilk önce

bid’atlere karşı dînî bir hareket olarak ortaya çıkmış daha sonraları ise siyasi bir

amaca bürünmüştür. Ayrıca bu çalışmada bugünkü Suudi Arabistan Krallığı’nın

oluşumunda hayati öneme sahip olan Vehhabi ailesi ve Suud hanedanlığının tarihsel

ilişkilerine yer verilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Vehhabilik, Suudi Arabistan, Kelâm, Tevhit, Mezhep

References

  • Abir, Mordechai, Saudi Arabia in the oil era: regime and elites: conflict and collaboration, Westview Press, Boulder, Colo, 1988.
  • Abu Zahra, Muhammad, Tarihu’l- Mezahibi’l-Islamiyye (translated by Sibgatullah Kaya), Istanbul Matbaacılık, Istanbul, 2003.
  • Bennett, Clinton, Muslims and modernity: an introduction to the issues and debates, Continuum, London, 2005.
  • Büyükkara, Mehmet Ali, “11 Eylül’le Derinleşen Ayrılık: Suudi Selefiyye ve Cihadi Selefiyye,” Dini Araştırmalar 7:20 (2004), pp.205-234.
  • Commins, David Dean, The Wahhabi mission and Saudi Arabia, I.B. Tauris, London, 2006.
  • Delong Bas, Natana J., Wahhabi Islam: from revival and reform to global jihad, I. B. Tauris, Oxford University Press, London, 2004.
  • Fığlalı, Ethem Ruhi, Çağımızda İtikadi İslam Mezhepleri, Şa-to İlahiyat, İstanbul, 2001.
  • Hill, Michael, ‘Sect’, in The Encyclopaedia of Religion (ed. Mircea Eliade) Vol.13, Macmillan, London, 1987, pp.154-158.
  • Ibn Abd al-Wahhab, Muhammad, Kitab al-Tawheed, Dar al-Ma‘arif, Cairo: 1974.
  • Kurşun, Zekeriya, al-‘Uthmaniyyun wa-Al Sa‘ud fi al-arshif al-‘Uthmani, 1745-1914, Dar al-‘Arabiyyah lil-Mawsu‘at, Beirut, 2005.
  • Piscatori, James P. Islam in the Political Process, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1983
  • Wilson, Bryan, Religion In Sociological Perspective, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1982.
  • Yıldırım, Ramazan “Cemaatten Partiye Dönüşen Selefîlik”, Analiz, 73 (2013).
There are 13 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language en;tr
Journal Section Makaleler
Authors

Aydın Bayram

Publication Date December 31, 2014
Published in Issue Year 2014 Issue: 42

Cite

APA Bayram, A. (2014). THE RISE OF WAHHABI SECTARIANISM AND ITS IMPACT IN SAUDI ARABIA. Atatürk Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi(42), 245-262.
AMA Bayram A. THE RISE OF WAHHABI SECTARIANISM AND ITS IMPACT IN SAUDI ARABIA. Atatürk Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi. December 2014;(42):245-262.
Chicago Bayram, Aydın. “THE RISE OF WAHHABI SECTARIANISM AND ITS IMPACT IN SAUDI ARABIA”. Atatürk Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, no. 42 (December 2014): 245-62.
EndNote Bayram A (December 1, 2014) THE RISE OF WAHHABI SECTARIANISM AND ITS IMPACT IN SAUDI ARABIA. Atatürk Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 42 245–262.
IEEE A. Bayram, “THE RISE OF WAHHABI SECTARIANISM AND ITS IMPACT IN SAUDI ARABIA”, Atatürk Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, no. 42, pp. 245–262, December 2014.
ISNAD Bayram, Aydın. “THE RISE OF WAHHABI SECTARIANISM AND ITS IMPACT IN SAUDI ARABIA”. Atatürk Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 42 (December 2014), 245-262.
JAMA Bayram A. THE RISE OF WAHHABI SECTARIANISM AND ITS IMPACT IN SAUDI ARABIA. Atatürk Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi. 2014;:245–262.
MLA Bayram, Aydın. “THE RISE OF WAHHABI SECTARIANISM AND ITS IMPACT IN SAUDI ARABIA”. Atatürk Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, no. 42, 2014, pp. 245-62.
Vancouver Bayram A. THE RISE OF WAHHABI SECTARIANISM AND ITS IMPACT IN SAUDI ARABIA. Atatürk Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi. 2014(42):245-62.

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